Lock.



No. 68l,372. Patented Aug. 27, l90l.

A. PETERSEN.

LOCK.

Application fled Jan. 5. 1901,)

(No Model.)

2 Shoots- Shoe! I.

lIllIIlII/IIIIIIIIIIIIII/IIIII/IIIlIL'ilIIIIIII/L wmnww Patented Aug.27, IQDI. A. PETERSEN.

No. 68l,372.

LOCK. I gApplication filed Janv 2. 1901.3

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

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UNITED STATES PATENT GEETCE.

AXEL PETERSEN, OF HELLERUP, DENMARK.

LOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 681,372, dated August27, 1901.

Application filed January 2, 1901. Serial No. 41,773. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, AXEL PETERSEN, commercial clerk, of Hellerup, nearCopenhagen, in the Kingdom of Denmark, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Locks, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention refers to improvements in looks of the kind inwhich the lock is opened and closed by simply inserting into orwithdrawing the key from the keyhole.

The invention is seen in two forms of execution on the accompanyingdrawings. Thus Figures 1 to 5 show a constructional form for aspring-latch, while Figs. 6 to 9 showa eon- 1structional form for a lockfor safes or the ike.

Figs. 1 and 2 show the spring-latch with open lock-case. Figs. 3 to 5represent details of Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. 6 shows a lock for a safe withopen lock-case. Fig. 7 is a section on the line A B of Fig. 6; Fig. 8, adetail of Fig. 6 3 Fig. 9, a modification of the lock shown in Fig. 6.

Description of the spring-latch, (illustrated in Figs. 1 to 5.)a showsthe case with one wall removed in order that the lock mechanism may beseen. 6 is a spindle with two necks arranged to turn in the bearings cand d. The spindleb is provided with a semicylindrical or in another Waysuitably-shaped head 6, which when the spindle is turned may gear withand fill a notch f of a gudgeon' g, fixed to the door-frame or the like,Fig. 2, whereby the door or desk will be closed. When the spindle isturned about one hundred and eighty degrees back from the abovementionedposition, an arm h, fixed turnably upon the front wall of the lock-caseand ac tuated by a spring 2', is arranged to bear against a planesurface on the head 6, whereby the spindle b is prevented from turningin either direction. On the spindle b is further mounted a kind ofgear-wheel In, Figs. 3 and 5, having projections and cuts correspondingto similar ones upon the key Z. When, therefore, the key, that has azigzag cross-section, is pushed into the look through the keyhole m, theWheel 70 will be turned in the direction indicated by the arrow q, Fig.3. The Wheel 70 r is mounted loosely upon the spindle b, but is providedwith two pinsn and 0, of which the former, n, by striking against thebearing d, limits the turning of the wheel in one direction, while thelatter, 0, may strike against a lug s of a disk p, fixed rigidly uponthe spindle b. A spiral spring 0" tries to turn the spindle b, so thatthe lug s, by pushing against the pin 0, turns the wheel is until thepin 72. strikes against the bearing d. The head e is thereby brought togear with the notch f, and the lock is now closed, Fig. 2. A furtherturn of the spindle beyond this position, Fig. 2, is also hindered by aprojection), in the bottom of the look-case, and which, like the pin 0,bears against the lug s.

The wheel is is now by means of the pinsn and o kept in such a positionthat the rack of the key Z may gear exactly with the projections andnotches of the wheel kwhen the key is inserted in order to open thelock.

When the key 1 is insertedinto the keyhole m, the Wheel is is turned andthe pin 0, by pushing against the lug s, carries along the spindle 1)until the head 6 is turned out of the notch f in the gudgeon g. Thegudgeon being now set free is pressed out by the arm h, actuated by thespring 01, and the arm h assumes the position shown in Fig. 1, wherebythe spindle is prevented from turning until the arm it has again beenpushed back. The key may now be withdrawn from the keyhole m, as thewheel 70 is arranged to turn freely upon the spindle 6 until the pin itstrikes against the bearing d. The circumstance that the wheel 70 is nolonger held in a certain position is of no consequence, the lock being aspring-lock which is supposed to be closed simply by pushing the gudgeong into the lock. hen this takes place, the gudgeon g pushes back the armh and the moment in which the notch f is on a level with the head 6 thespindle b is set free and, actuated by the spring r,turns around untilthe head 6 fills the notch f. The turning of the spindle b is limited bythe lug s striking against the projection t. As mentioned above, thewheel is is now held in the right position by the pins 11. andoforopening the lock byinserting the key.

In order to prevent the look from being picked by forcing into thekeyhole a key having approximately the same projections and notches asthe real'one, the bearing cl is arbolt 3 is then pushed fully out,actuated by ranged in such a manner that it may be somewhat shifted inthe direction indicated by the arrow u, Fig. 3. The bearing d may, forinstance, be fixed on a small slide w, arranged to move in aswallowtailed notch 12. By means of a spiral spring curled around a piny, fixed on the bearing cl, the said pin being capable of sliding in ahole in a bracket 1 e on the lock-case, the bearing and the spindle bwill under normal circumstances be held in the proper position asregards the;

wheel 7c; but when this wheel is actuated by a false key, which willnecessarily produce a strong lateral pressure upon the said wheel,

will bear against the bracket 2.

into the keyhole by blows. done, the pin 0 will be broken off and thefalse key will enter the keyhole while the wheel is is turned. As,however, the wheel in is mounted loosely on the spindle I), this} onewill not turn and the lock remains shut. When the false key iswithdrawn, the bearj ing dis pushed back by the springm into the I f befurther impeded and rendered, so to speak,

normal position shown on the drawings.

Description of the lock for safes or the like, 1

(illustrated in Figs. 6 to 9.)-This lock is of a similar construction asthe one described above, but the bolt 3 is here provided with a rack 4,gearing into a wheel 5, mounted upon the same spindle as the wheel 70,which is actuated by the key l. The wheel 70 may in the same manner forthe same purpose as above have two pins n and 0 when the lock is to bearranged as a spring-latch. If, however, this be not the case, the wheel70, the disk 19, and the wheel 5 may be made in one piece mountedturnably upon a pin 6, fixed in the lockcase a. Between the pin 6 andthe keyhole is arranged another pin 7, upon which a wheel 8 of the sameshape as the wheel 7a and with which the key l may gear is turnablymounted. This wheel 8 is connected with a disk 9, that turns togetherwith the wheel 8 and is provided with a projecting sector 10, which whenthe bolt 3 is pushed out and the lock consequently shut ,catches into acircular notch 11 in the wheel 5. This wheel can consequently not movebefore the sector is turned out of the notch 11. A spiral spring 12tends to bring the disk 9 and wheel 8 to the normal position, and a pin13 upon the right position.

Through this movement one I of the lugs 1 upon the disk 29 will passinbe- Z low a bracket 2 upon the upper wall of the 5 lock-case, whichbracket is of such a size and j shape that the said lug 1, if the diskbe turned, 1 The spindle will then be prevented from turning around iany farther even if the false key be forced If this should be the spring15, and the wheel 5, whose position is regulated by that of the bolt 3,assumes such a position that the sector 10 gears into the notch 11 underinfluence of the spring 12, while the pin 13 maintains the disk 9 in theBoth wheels '8 and 7c assume such positions that the key may beintroduced into the look. When this takes place, the wheel 8, and withit the disk 9, is first turned, the spring 12 being thereby tightened.When the point of the keyl reaches the wheel 7c, the sector 10 has beenturned out of gear with the notch 11, and the Wheel 5, together with theWheel 7c, may consequently now be freely turned, the bolt beingsimultaneously pulled in and the safe opened. By this arrangement it isrendered impossible that the bolt 3 be pulled in without using a key,and a forcing of the lock by simply actuating the bolt cannot be done,as the wheel 5, which must necessarily be turned when the bolt is moved,is held fast by the sector 10. An attempt to pick the look by turningthe wheels 8 and by means of thin pins passed through the keyhole isalso rendered very difiicult by the circumstance that not only one buttwo wheels have to be turned. Thus the wheel 8 after being eventuallybrought in correct position would immediately turn back again, actuatedby the spring 12, if it were released by the burglar in order to beginto turn the wheel 70. This last-mentioned attempt may impossible if thekey l be made with notches in both edges and two similarly-furnishedpairs of wheels 8 9 and, further, two pairs also similarly-furnishedwheels 70 5 be fixed just opposite each other on both sides of thekeyhole. The burglar must then by means of pins from the outside throughthe same keyhole turn three wheels or, if the lock has two bolts, eachactuated by one of the wheels 5, four wheels before the lock is open. Bythe form of construction for a look as shown in Figs. 6 and 7 thespindle may also be made to slide sidewise, as described above for thespring-latch, in order to prevent the look from being opened by aninadequately adjusted key.

If the toothed wheel 5 be given the shape shown in Fig. 8-i. e. there beno teeth at all on one part 16 of the wheel 5-this wheel will be out ofgear with the rack 4 when the bolt 3 is pushed out. The boltisthereforein that case only held in the pushed-out position by the spring 15, andwhen the outer end of the bolt be cut obliquely in a suitable manner thelock shown in Fig. 6 may, if supplied with this arrangement, be used asa spring-lock.

In Fig. 9 is shown a modification of the do vice illustrated in Fig. 8.The wheel k is here provided with an arm 17, which when the wheel 70 bymeans of the key is turned in the direction indicated by the arrow willstrike against a projection 18 on the bolt 3 in such 1 the key iswithdrawn and the wheel 70 in consequence thereof turned the other way,the bolt 3 will be pushed out by the action of the spring 15. Thisarrangement is specially suitable for spring-locks.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of thissaid invention and in What manner the same is to be performed, I declarethat What I claim is 1. In combination in a lock, the lock-case, aspindle b journaled therein, havinga locking-head thereon, a wheel looseon the spindle having teeth to be engaged by a correspondingly-formedkey, said wheel having two pins 71 and 0, a bracket fixed to thelockcase to engage the pin it, a lug s fixed to the spindle b and uponwhich the said pin 0 bears, a spring for turning the spindle in onedirection, a movable spring-pressed arm h held by the lock-casing andarranged to obstruct the motion of the head 6 when the lock is open, andthe gudgeon g havinganotch f to receive the head c, said spring-pressedarm h being in the path of the gudgeon to be moved aside thereby,substantially as described.

2. In combination in a lock, a spindle, means for turning the saidspindle through the action of a key and means for holding the saidspindle so that the same may yield upon the insertion of animproperly-formed key, substantially as described.

3. In combination in a lock-casing, a spindle, a locking-head connectedtherewith, a wheel on said spindle having teeth to receive a key and ayielding bearing for the said spindle, substantially as described.

4. In combination, the lock-case, a spindle therein, a locking-headactuated by the spindle, a yielding bearing for the spindle, a bracket 2on the lock-case, a lug on the spindle to be moved adjacent to the saidbracket when the spindle is displaced and means on the spindle by whichit maybe turned by the key, substantially as described.

5. In combination in a lock with the lockcasing, a locking bolt or head,a spindle, a wheel loose thereon arranged to be turned by a key, saidwheel having the pinsn and 0, an arm on the spindle to be engaged by oneof said pins and a part on the casing to contact with the-other pin,substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed myname in pres ence of two subscribing witnesses.

V AXEL PETERSEN.

Witnesses:

P. HOFMAN-BANG, ERNEST BOUTARD.

